Adaptive - Long above VWAP with momentum, Short below VWAP with momentum
| Strategy Type | Mean Reversion / Trend Following Hybrid |
| Market Outlook | Adaptive - Long above VWAP with momentum, Short below VWAP with momentum |
| Risk Profile | Moderate Risk (Defined stop based on VWAP deviation) |
| Reward Profile | 1.5:1 to 2.5:1 Risk-Reward typical |
| Time Horizon | Intraday to Short-term (Hours to 2-3 Days) |
| Iv Environment | Works best in moderate volatility with institutional participation |
| Breakeven | Entry Price ± Spread + Slippage |
| Primary Instruments | Brent Crude CFDs through MAS-licensed brokers with VWAP indicator |
| Mas Compliance | MAS regulated; retail trading permitted with licensed broker holding CMS license |
| Contract Size | 100-1,000 barrels for CFDs; flexible sizing available |
| Trading Hours | VWAP resets daily; best signals during London (3 PM - 11 PM SGT) and US sessions (9 PM - 4 AM SGT) |
| Expiry Options | CFDs preferred (no expiry); VWAP calculation continuous |
| Settlement | Cash settlement for CFDs; instant profit/loss realization |
| Tax Treatment | No capital gains tax for individuals in Singapore; trading income may be taxable if deemed business |
| Stamp Duty | No stamp duty on commodities derivatives |
| Cdp Account | Not required for commodities; trading account with licensed broker sufficient |
Most professional platforms include VWAP. TradingView, MetaTrader (via custom indicator), Saxo, IG ProRealTime, and Interactive Brokers TWS all offer VWAP. Some may require enabling or adding as custom indicator. If not available, consider switching platforms for VWAP strategy.
VWAP works on CFDs as long as your platform calculates it correctly with volume data. CFD volume may differ from futures volume, but the principle remains valid. Some platforms use synthetic volume for CFDs - still useful but less precise than futures volume.
VWAP itself is session-based, not timeframe-based. Use 5-minute to 1-hour charts to visualize price relative to VWAP. Lower timeframes (5m, 15m) for intraday entries. 1-hour for swing context. The VWAP line is the same regardless of chart timeframe.
VWAP is cumulative - early session activity has more impact because there's less data. As the session progresses, each new bar has less impact on the running total, causing VWAP to stabilize. This is normal and expected behavior.
Generally yes. VWAP-based support/resistance becomes less relevant near session end. Close intraday VWAP trades before reset unless fundamentally-driven. Overnight positions should be based on broader analysis, not just current session VWAP.
Gaps from previous VWAP create context: Gap above previous VWAP = bullish bias for new session. Gap below = bearish bias. The previous session VWAP often acts as support/resistance for the new session. Watch how price interacts with both developing VWAP and previous VWAP.
Properly filtered reversion trades typically achieve 55-65% win rate with 1.2-1.5:1 R:R. Trend trades have lower win rate (45-55%) but higher R:R (2-3:1). Overall expectancy can be similar - choose based on your psychological preference and market conditions.
Volume is the key differentiator. High volume (>1.5× average) at 2σ = likely trend, trade continuation. Low/average volume = likely reversion, fade toward VWAP. Also check momentum - decreasing bar size suggests exhaustion (reversion), increasing suggests continuation (trend).
Weekly VWAP and anchored VWAP are better for multi-day positions. Daily VWAP resets and loses relevance overnight. For swing trades, use weekly VWAP for position sizing and direction, with daily VWAP for entry timing.
EIA release creates volume spike that significantly impacts VWAP. Post-EIA VWAP is essentially 'EIA-anchored' - dominated by that high-volume period. Wait 30-60 minutes after EIA for VWAP to stabilize before trading VWAP signals again.
Components: (1) Real-time cumulative price×volume and cumulative volume trackers, (2) Rolling standard deviation calculation from VWAP, (3) Z-score generator for band position, (4) Volume filter comparing current to N-bar average, (5) Session boundary detector for reset. Use event-driven architecture responding to each new bar.
Market makers use VWAP to manage inventory risk. If long inventory, they'll sell more aggressively above VWAP to reduce exposure. If short inventory, they'll buy below VWAP. This creates natural support/resistance around VWAP as makers defend their positions.
For intraday Brent trading, session-based standard deviation (all bars since session open) works well. Some traders use rolling 20-bar standard deviation for more adaptive bands. Test both - session-based is simpler and aligns with VWAP reset, rolling adapts to recent volatility.
Order flow enhances VWAP significantly: Cumulative delta at VWAP bands confirms buyer/seller exhaustion. Footprint charts show volume imbalance at VWAP touches. Large passive orders at VWAP indicate institutional defense. This combination provides highest-confidence signals.
VWAP works best with institutional participation - lower effectiveness during holidays/low volume. Works well in moderate volatility - extreme volatility causes bands to widen excessively. Trending markets favor trend VWAP trades; ranging markets favor reversion. Monitor weekly performance and adjust approach based on current regime.
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