ZEBRA Strategy

Income Strategies Advanced Canada XIU RY TD ENB CNR SU BCE BMO BNS CP

Strongly directional (bullish or bearish)

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Quick Reference

Strategy Type Zero Extrinsic Back Ratio (Synthetic Stock with Limited Risk)
Market Outlook Strongly directional (bullish or bearish)
Risk Profile Limited downside risk (unlike stock ownership)
Reward Profile Unlimited profit potential (like stock ownership)
Time Horizon 60-120 days typical (longer DTE preferred)
Iv Environment Low to moderate IV preferred (minimizes extrinsic cost)
Breakeven Approximately equal to current stock price when properly constructed

Canada Market Details

Primary Instruments TSX 60 components with liquid deep ITM options, XIU ETF
Iiroc Compliance Level 2-3 options approval required; margin account recommended
Contract Size 100 shares for equity options; XIU options represent 100 ETF units
Trading Hours 9:30 AM - 4:00 PM ET
Expiry Options Monthly expiries; prefer longer-dated for reduced theta
Settlement T+1 for equities (effective May 2024); options settle next business day after expiry
Options Exchange Montreal Exchange (MX) for all Canadian options
Capital Gains Tax 50% inclusion rate; options gains taxed as capital gains
Tfsa Eligibility Generally PERMITTED - defined risk strategy when entered for debit
Rrsp Eligibility Generally PERMITTED - defined risk strategy when entered for debit
Margin Note Lower margin than stock ownership; spread margin treatment

Frequently Asked Questions

Why not just buy stock if I want stock exposure?

ZEBRA offers limited risk - if the stock crashes, you can only lose the net debit (maybe $250-$500), not thousands like with stock. You get stock-like upside with defined downside. The trade-off is managing expiration and missing dividends.

Why not just buy a call option?

A regular call loses significant value to time decay and has lower delta (moves less with stock). ZEBRA has near-zero time decay and ~100 delta. Over a 60-day hold, ZEBRA vastly outperforms a single call if the stock moves as expected.

What's the catch with ZEBRA?

The main catches are: (1) You must manage expiration by rolling, (2) Deep ITM options may have wider bid-ask spreads, (3) Structure is more complex than buying stock, (4) No dividends, (5) Possible early assignment on short call.

Can I do ZEBRA in my TFSA?

Generally yes - ZEBRA is a defined-risk debit strategy. Check with your broker to confirm, but most Canadian brokers allow debit spreads in TFSAs. You'll need Level 2-3 options approval.

How much capital do I need for a ZEBRA?

Just the net debit amount. If the ZEBRA costs $2.50 ($250 per contract), that's your capital requirement and also your maximum loss. Much less than buying 100 shares of stock.

How do I calculate if I've achieved ~100 delta?

Calculate: (Long Call Delta × 2) - Short Call Delta. Example: (0.75 × 2) - 0.50 = 1.00. Use your broker's delta values or an options calculator. Target result between 0.95 and 1.05.

What if I can't find strikes that give exactly 100 delta?

Get as close as possible. 0.95-1.05 is acceptable. If the best you can achieve is 0.90 or 1.10, the position will still behave mostly like stock. The 'zero extrinsic' goal is more important than exact delta.

Should I roll even if I'm at a loss?

Yes - roll based on time (21 DTE), not P&L. If your directional thesis is still valid, roll to maintain the position. If thesis has changed, close instead. The roll cost is typically small.

How does ZEBRA handle a stock split?

Options adjust for splits like all other options - strikes and quantities are adjusted to maintain economic equivalence. Your ZEBRA structure remains intact with adjusted terms. No special action needed.

Can I leg into a ZEBRA?

Possible but not recommended. Legging adds execution risk. Better to enter as a single multi-leg order. If you must leg, start with the less liquid deep ITM short, then add the longs.

How do I handle early assignment on the short call?

If assigned, you're short 100 shares. Your two long calls provide upside protection. Options: (1) Exercise one long call to flatten, (2) Keep short stock with long call hedge, (3) Buy back stock and keep calls. Assignment disrupts structure but doesn't create unlimited risk.

Can ZEBRA be used for portfolio hedging?

Primarily ZEBRA is for directional exposure, not hedging. However, Put ZEBRA can hedge long stock portfolios with defined cost. For hedging, protective puts or put spreads may be more straightforward.

What's the optimal ratio of ZEBRA to stock in a portfolio?

Depends on risk tolerance. Conservative: Replace 20-30% of stock positions with ZEBRAs. Aggressive: Replace 50%+. Key consideration: ZEBRA requires active management while stock doesn't. Match to your management capacity.

How do I evaluate ZEBRA roll efficiency over time?

Track total roll costs as a percentage of position value. Example: If rolling costs $1.00 per quarter ($4/year) on a $10 position, that's 40% annual 'friction.' Compare to dividend yield you're missing. Efficient ZEBRAs should have <10% annual roll cost.

When would a synthetic long be better than ZEBRA?

Synthetic long (long call + short put at same strike) is better when: (1) You're okay with unlimited downside risk like stock, (2) Want simpler structure, (3) Can often enter for zero cost. ZEBRA is better when you must have defined risk.

Related Strategies

Synthetic Long Stock
Deep ITM Call
Call Backspread
Protective Put (on ZEBRA)
Covered Call (on ZEBRA)

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